Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Augustus
Date: 19–18 BC
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.85 g

Designs: Obverse shows the oak-wreathed head of Augustus right with legend CAESAR AVGVSTVS. Reverse depicts a comet with eight rays and a tail, with legend DIVVS IVLIVS.

Distinctions: A historically important type connecting Augustus to the divine legacy of Julius Caesar. The comet represents the celestial sign of Caesar’s deification, first observed in 44 BC, which Augustus used to bolster his political and religious authority. Its reappearance on coinage coincided with the Saecular Games of 17 BC, reinforcing the image of the Julian dynasty’s divine favor. This example features a bold portrait of fine style, a light golden tone, and a banker’s mark on the reverse. About Extremely Fine.

Pedigree: Ex Artemide Aste, Artemis LXII (26–27 Oct. 2024), Lot 386.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Augustus
Date: 18 BC
Mint Location: Colonia Patricia (modern-day Córdoba, Spain)
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.47 gDiameter: 18 mm

Designs: Obverse shows figure in toga picta over tunica palmata standing between an aquila (eagle standard) on the left and a wreath on the right; legend SPQR PARENTI above, CONS SVO below. Reverse depicts a slow quadriga moving right, Victories shown on the carriage panels, with four miniature horses on top of the chariot; legend CAESARI above, AVGVSTO below.

Distinctions: A very scarce Colonia Patricia issue of Augustus, notable for its elaborate quadriga scene with layered iconography of Victories and miniature horses. Attractive toning, sharp strike, with only minor wear on the high points. Extremely Fine (XF).

Pedigree: Ex Jesús Vico S.A., Face-to-Face Auction 171 (Nov. 2024), Lot 129.

Category: Roman Imperial – Philip I (Third Century Crisis)
Ruler/Issuer: Philip I, Augustus (AD 244–249)
Date: AD 248
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Antoninianus
Weight: 4.03 g
Diameter: 23 mm

Designs: Obverse shows radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Philip I right, seen from behind; legend IMP PHILIPPVS AVG. Reverse depicts the she-wolf standing left, suckling Romulus and Remus; II in exergue; legend SAECVLARES AVGG.

Distinctions: Struck for the 1000th anniversary of Rome’s founding and the Saecular Games of AD 248. The she-wolf and twins motif is one of the most iconic Roman types, recalling the foundation myth of the city. This example is sharply struck with great detail, attractive toning, and some underlying luster. Extremely Fine (EF).

Pedigree: Acquired from Münzhandlung Z. Plesa, Frankfurt; Ex G. Bohm Collection, Germany; Ex Numisart, Auction 7 (17 Nov. 2024), Lot 112.

Category: Roman Imperial – Early Imperial Period
Ruler/Issuer: Octavian as Augustus (27 BC–AD 14)
Date: 19–18 BC
Mint Location: Uncertain Spanish mint, possibly Colonia Caesaraugusta (modern Zaragoza)
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.75 g
Diameter: 19.10 mm
Die Axis: 6h

Designs: Obverse shows bare head of Augustus right; legend CAESAR AVGVSTVS. Reverse depicts round shield inscribed S•P•Q•R CL•V in two lines.

Distinctions: A scarce Spanish provincial issue of Augustus, with the mint uncertain but likely Colonia Caesaraugusta. The shield reverse emphasizes Augustus’ constitutional settlement and Senate’s authority, while its provincial origin adds scholarly interest. Attractive light cabinet tone. Banker’s mark on reverse. Very Fine (VF).

Pedigree: Ex UBS Auction 61 (2004), Lot 4108; Ex Numismatic Fine Art, Auction 1 (23 Nov. 2024), Lot 165.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Octavian as Augustus (27 BC–AD 14)
Date: Circa 19–18 BC
Mint Location: Uncertain Spanish mint, possibly Colonia Caesaraugusta
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.61 g
Diameter: 17.80 mm
Die Axis: 5h

Designs: Obverse shows the bare head of Augustus right, wearing an oak-wreath crown; small countermark on cheek. Reverse depicts shield inscribed CL•V (clipeus virtutis) flanked by laurel branches; legend CAESAR AVGVSTVS above, S P Q R surrounding.

Distinctions: A scarce Spanish issue of Augustus featuring the clipeus virtutis, the “shield of virtue” awarded by the Senate to honor Augustus’ bravery, clemency, justice, and piety. Well-detailed portrait with sharp oak-wreath, golden highlights around the devices, and an unobtrusive countermark on obverse. Superb Extremely Fine (EF).

Pedigree: Ex NAC Auction L (2001), Lot 1619; Ex Numismatic Fine Art, Auction 1 (23 Nov. 2024), Lot 167.

Category: Roman Imperial – Early Imperial Period
Ruler/Issuer: Octavian as Augustus (27 BC–AD 14)
Date: July 18–17/16 BC
Mint Location: Possibly Colonia Patricia (modern Córdoba, Hispania Baetica)
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.93 g
Diameter: 17.90 mm
Die Axis: 6h

Designs: Obverse shows the bare head of Augustus facing left. Reverse depicts Capricorn advancing right, holding a globe attached to a rudder, with a cornucopia over its shoulder; legend AVGVSTVS below.

Distinctions: A rare Spanish issue of Augustus, notable for its Capricorn reverse—a personal emblem of Augustus symbolizing his destined rule, stability, and prosperity. The obverse portrait facing left is particularly rare, as most specimens show Augustus facing right, making this variety highly sought after by type collectors. Attractive toning with golden highlights. About Extremely Fine (aEF).

Pedigree: Ex Hd. Rauch Auction 69 (2002), Lot 253; Ex Numismatic Fine Art, Auction 1 (23 Nov. 2024), Lot 170.

Category: Roman Imperial – Early Imperial Period
Ruler/Issuer: Octavian as Augustus (27 BC–AD 14)
Date: July 18–16 BC
Mint Location: Possibly Colonia Patricia (modern Córdoba, Hispania Baetica)
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.79 g
Diameter: 18.70 mm
Die Axis: 7h

Designs: Obverse shows the bare head of Augustus facing right. Reverse depicts Capricorn advancing right, holding a globe attached to a rudder, with a cornucopia over its shoulder; legend AVGVSTVS below.

Distinctions: A Spanish provincial issue of Augustus featuring his Capricorn emblem, symbolizing destiny, stability, and prosperity. This right-facing bust variant complements the rarer left-facing portrait of the same type. Lightly toned with golden hues around the devices. Minor banker’s mark on the reverse. Good Very Fine (gVF).

Pedigree: Ex Hd. Rauch Auction 69 (2002), Lot 252; Ex Numismatic Fine Art, Auction 1 (23 Nov. 2024), Lot 171.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Philip I "The Arab" (AD 244–249)
Date: AD 248 (Saecular Games, 1000th Anniversary of Rome)
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Billon (silvered bronze)
Denomination: Antoninianus

Designs: Obverse shows radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Philip I right; legend IMP PHILIPPVS AVG. Reverse depicts the she-wolf standing left, head lowered right, suckling Romulus and Remus; legend SAECVLARES AVGG / II.

Distinctions: Struck to commemorate the 1000th anniversary of Rome and the Saecular Games of AD 248. The reverse with the she-wolf and twins is one of the most iconic Roman foundation types, making this a historically significant and highly collectible issue. NGC graded AU, Strike 5/5, Surface 3/5.

Pedigree: Ex Império Numis, Auction 5 (2025), Lot 676.

Certification: NGC Ancients #6641682-003

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Julia Mamaea, Augusta (AD 222–235)
Date: AD 222–235
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.13 g
Diameter: 20 mm

Designs: Obverse shows draped bust of Julia Mamaea right. Reverse depicts Pudicitia standing left, possibly holding a wreath over a lighted altar.

Distinctions: A rare and unpublished type, not listed in standard references such as RIC or Cohen. The reverse type is particularly unusual for Julia Mamaea, making this an important variant for Imperial specialists. Attractive preservation with original tone; condition consistent with Very Fine (VF) to Extremely Fine (EF).

Pedigree: Possibly Ex Seaby Auction 2 (1963); Ex Tiber Numismatics and Auctions, Auction 7 (1 Dec. 2024), Lot 329.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Marcus Aurelius as Caesar (under Antoninus Pius)
Date: AD 140–144
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.50 g
Diameter: 19 mm

Designs: Obverse shows bare head of Marcus Aurelius right. Reverse depicts emblems of the pontificate: secespita, aspergillum, guttus, lituus, and simpulum.

Distinctions: An early and scarce issue of Marcus Aurelius struck during the reign of Antoninus Pius, while Marcus was still Caesar. The reverse type emphasizes his role as pontifex and foreshadows his later Imperial authority. Attractive preservation and historically significant as one of his earliest coin portraits.

Pedigree: Ex CNG Auction (21 Sept. 1999); Ex Tiber Numismatics and Auctions, Auction 7 (1 Dec. 2024), Lot 295.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Septimius Severus
Date: AD 193
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.83 g
Diameter: 18 mm

Designs: Obverse shows laureate head of Septimius Severus right. Reverse legend “LEG XI II G EM, TR P COS in exergue,” depicting an aquila between two signa (legionary standards).

Distinctions: A rare and historically significant legionary issue, struck immediately after Septimius Severus assumed power in AD 193. These legionary types were used to secure the loyalty of his troops during the Year of the Five Emperors. Superb preservation and highly desirable for its direct military association.

Pedigree: Ex CNG Auction (17 Mar. 1999); Ex Tiber Numismatics and Auctions, Auction 7 (1 Dec. 2024), Lot 308.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Septimius Severus
Date: AD 193
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.14 g
Diameter: 18 mm

Designs: Obverse shows laureate head of Septimius Severus right. Reverse legend LEG VIII AVG with TR P COS in exergue, depicting an aquila (eagle) between two legionary standards.

Distinctions: A rare and historically significant legionary issue, struck immediately after Septimius Severus assumed power in AD 193. This type honors Legio VIII Augusta, one of the key units that supported Severus in the Year of the Five Emperors. Superb toning, high relief, and sharp detail.

Pedigree: Ex CNG Auction (14 June 2000); Ex Tiber Numismatics and Auctions, Auction 7 (1 Dec. 2024), Lot 311.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Macrinus (AD 217–218)
Date: AD 217–218
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.33 g
Diameter: 21 mm

Designs: Obverse shows laureate and cuirassed bust of Macrinus right; legend IMP C M OPEL SEV MACRINVS AVG. Reverse depicts Securitas standing facing, head left, legs crossed, holding long scepter in right hand and leaning left elbow on a column; legend PONTIF MAX TR P COS P P.

Distinctions: A short-lived and scarce reign type, highly sought by collectors of third-century emperors. This specimen is Mint State, struck from fresh dies with full mint luster, making it exceptional for the issue.

Pedigree: Ex Superior Auction (3 June 1997), Lot 5381; Ex Tiber Numismatics and Auctions, Auction 7 (1 Dec. 2024), Lot 324.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Caracalla (AD 198–217)
Date: AD 200
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.29 g
Diameter: 18 mm

Designs: Obverse shows laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Caracalla right; legend ANTONINVS AVGVSTVS. Reverse depicts Sol standing facing, head turned left, holding globe in left hand and spear in right; legend PONTIF TR P III.

Distinctions: A superb issue of Caracalla struck early in his reign as Augustus. The Sol reverse emphasizes divine favor and universal dominion. This specimen is described as a “real artwork” with exquisite detail, struck in high relief from fresh dies. Fleur de Coin (FDC), mint-state with no wear, making it an exceptionally rare condition rarity for the type.

Pedigree: Ex Lipsia Numismatics, Auction 1 (4 Dec. 2024), Lot 287.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Maximinus I Thrax (AD 235–238)
Date: AD 236
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 2.85 g
Diameter: 19–20 mm

Designs: Obverse shows laureate and draped bust of Maximinus I Thrax right; legend IMP MAXIMINVS PIVS AVG. Reverse depicts Salus seated left, feeding a serpent rising from an altar with a patera in her right hand; her left arm rests on the chair; legend SALVS AVGVSTI.

Distinctions: A bold portrait type of Maximinus Thrax, emphasizing his powerful features and robust engraving style. The Salus reverse underscores the emperor’s wish for the well-being of the state. Perfectly centered strike with iridescent toning and a superb portrait. Good Extremely Fine (gEF). Rare in this state of preservation.

Pedigree: Ex Lipsia Numismatics, Auction 1 (4 Dec. 2024), Lot 330.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Philip I “The Arab” (AD 244–249)
Date: AD 249
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Antoninianus
Weight: 3.74 g
Diameter: 22 mm

Designs: Obverse shows radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Philip I right; legend IMP PHILIPPVS AVG. Reverse depicts Fides standing left, holding a vexillum in right hand and a standard in left; legend FIDES EXERCITVS.

Distinctions: Struck late in Philip’s reign, this issue honors the loyalty of the Roman army, symbolized by Fides with her military standards. A particularly beautiful specimen with fantastic iridescent-golden patina and sharp devices. Extremely Fine (EF). Rare in this state of preservation.

Pedigree: Ex Lipsia Numismatics, Auction 1 (4 Dec. 2024), Lot 370.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Valentinian I (AD 364–375)
Date: AD 366
Mint Location: Antioch, 7th officina
Composition: Gold
Denomination: Solidus
Weight: 3.87 g
Diameter: 20.5 mm
Die Axis: 6h

Designs: Obverse shows rosette-diademed, draped, and cuirassed bust of Valentinian I right. Reverse depicts Valentinian standing facing, head right, wearing military attire, holding a labarum with cross on its banner in his right hand and a Victory on globe in his left; mintmark •ANTZ• in exergue.

Distinctions: A rare Antioch issue of Valentinian I, struck during the early years of his reign. The reverse design emphasizes imperial military power and divine favor through the Christianized labarum and Victory figure. This example is from the 7th officina, an extremely rare variety with only one example recorded by Depeyrot. Good Fine (GF); toned with scratches, hairlines, a dig, and edge marks, but with devices still intact.

Pedigree: Ex Pegasi Auctions V (4 June 2001), Lot 12; Ex CNG Electronic Auction 576 (4 Dec. 2024), Lot 741.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Macrinus (AD 217–218)
Date: AD 217–218
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Antoninianus
Weight: 4.75 g
Diameter: 23 mm
Die Axis: 5h

Designs: Obverse shows radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Macrinus right; legend IMP C M OPEL SEV MACRINVS AVG. Reverse depicts Fides standing left, holding two military standards, with additional standards to left and right; legend FIDES MILITVM.

Distinctions: A short-reign emperor issue, struck during Macrinus’s brief rule following Caracalla’s assassination. The reverse honors the loyalty of the Roman army, a theme central to Macrinus’s fragile hold on power. Rare with this specific bust type (radiate, draped, and cuirassed), which is notably scarcer than the more common radiate-only or cuirassed bust varieties. Lovely old cabinet toning. Extremely Fine (EF).

Pedigree: Ex NAC 84, Lot 1086 (same dies, hammer: 2,750 CHF); Ex The Coin Cabinet, Ancients Auction 17 (19 Dec. 2024), Lot 191.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Tacitus (AD 275–276)
Date: AD 275
Mint Location: Ticinum
Composition: Billon (debased silver)
Denomination: Antoninianus
Weight: 3.00 g
Diameter: 23 mm
Die Axis: 6h

Designs: Obverse shows radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Tacitus right; legend IMP C M CL TACITVS AVG. Reverse depicts Salus seated left, feeding a serpent rising from an altar with a patera; mintmark T in exergue; legend SALVS AVG.

Distinctions: A very rare reverse variant showing Salus seated, in contrast to the more common standing type recorded in RIC. This issue symbolizes the emperor’s hope for stability and the well-being of the state during a turbulent reign. Sharp detail and excellent surfaces. Extremely Fine (EF).

Pedigree: From the Euclidean Collection; Ex The Coin Cabinet, Ancients Auction 17 (19 Dec. 2024), Lot 397.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Florian (AD 276)
Date: AD 276
Mint Location: Serdica
Composition: Billon (debased silver)
Denomination: Antoninianus
Weight: 3.30 g
Diameter: 22 mm
Die Axis: 6h

Designs: Obverse shows radiate and cuirassed bust of Florian right; legend IMP C M AN FLORIANVS AVG. Reverse depicts Providentia standing right, holding two standards, facing Sol standing left with globe and raised hand; star (*) between them; Γ in exergue; legend PROVIDEN DEOR.

Distinctions: Struck during Florian’s extremely brief reign in AD 276, this type symbolizes divine guidance and cosmic order, conveyed by the interaction of Providentia and Sol. An extremely rare mint-mark variant, unrecorded in RIC and known from only six examples cited in the MER-RIC database. Much original silvering preserved. Extremely Fine (EF).

Pedigree: From the Euclidean Collection; Ex The Coin Cabinet, Ancients Auction 17 (19 Dec. 2024), Lot 404.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Severus Alexander (AD 222–235)
Date: AD 231
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 2.58 g
Diameter: 20 mm

Designs: Obverse shows laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Severus Alexander right; legend IMP ALEXANDER PIVS AVG. Reverse depicts Jupiter standing left, head right, hurling a thunderbolt; legend IOVI PROPVGNATORI.

Distinctions: A dynamic and militarily themed issue, portraying Jupiter as the divine protector of the emperor and Rome. The bold reverse, showing Jupiter in motion, underscores Severus Alexander’s reliance on divine sanction during a turbulent reign. Attractive Severan portrait style with youthful features. Condition not fully specified, but design well-preserved and proportioned.

Pedigree: Ex Numismad, Auction 20 (28 Dec. 2024), Lot 1475.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Probus (AD 276–282)
Date: AD 276–282
Mint Location: Not specified (likely Rome or a major eastern mint, based on style)
Composition: Silvered Bronze
Denomination: Antoninianus
Weight: 3.49 g
Diameter: 23 mm

Designs: Obverse shows radiate and mantled bust of Probus left, holding eagle-tipped sceptre; legend IMP CM AVR PROBVS P F AVG. Reverse depicts Sol driving a frontal quadriga, raising right hand and holding whip in left; legend SOLI INVICTO / RE.

Distinctions: A scarce variant of Probus’s solar coinage, featuring the uncommon frontal quadriga reverse, emphasizing Sol Invictus as a cosmic power allied with the emperor. Struck with sharp detail and fully silvered, the coin presents exceptional eye appeal. Extremely Fine (EF).

Pedigree: Ex Eid Mar Auctions, Auction 7 (26 Jan. 2025), Lot 270.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Vespasian (AD 69–79)
Date: AD 72–73
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.14 g
Diameter: 18 mm

Designs: Obverse shows laureate head of Vespasian right; legend not fully specified for this specimen (typically IMP CAES VESP AVG P M COS III or variant). Reverse depicts augural and pontifical implements — simpulum, aspergillum, guttus, and lituus — arranged symmetrically, without legend.

Distinctions: A rare and religiously significant issue, emphasizing Vespasian’s priestly roles and divine sanction as emperor. The reverse with symbolic implements is among the most distinctive of his coinage. Strong, mature portrait with finely detailed laurel wreath. Extremely Fine (EF).

Pedigree: Ex NBJ the Art of Numismatic, Auction 13 (5 Feb. 2025), Lot 265.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Nero
Date: AD 66–67
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.25 g

Designs: Obverse shows laureate head of Nero right, legend IMP NERO CAESAR AVGVSTVS. Reverse depicts Jupiter, bare to the waist, seated left on a throne, holding thunderbolt and long sceptre; legend IVPPITER CVSTOS.

Distinctions: A handsome denarius struck during the later years of Nero’s reign. The reverse type invokes Jupiter as protector, reflecting themes of divine guardianship and imperial legitimacy. Attractive iridescent toning enhances this well-preserved piece. Almost Extremely Fine/Choice Very Fine.

Pedigree: Ex Giessener Münzhandlung 95 (Munich, 1999), Lot 729; Ex H.D. Rauch 62 (Vienna, 1998), Lot 112; Ex Tauler & Fau, Auction 156 (Madrid, 2025), Lot 1199.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Vespasian (AD 69–79)
Date: AD 72–73
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.25 g
Diameter: 17 mm
Die Axis: 7 h

Designs: Obverse: IMP CAES VESP AVG P M COS IIII; laureate head of Vespasian right. Reverse: AVGVR TRI POT; augural and pontifical emblems — simpulum, aspergillum, guttus, and lituus — arranged vertically.

Distinctions: A strongly religious type, underscoring Vespasian’s augural and pontifical authority. This example features a robust portrait with excellent style, full legends, and an attractive cabinet tone. About Extremely Fine (aEF).

Pedigree: Ex The Coin Cabinet, Ancients 22 (22 May 2025), Lot 164.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Tiberius (AD 14–37)
Date: AD 14–37
Mint Location: Lugdunum (modern Lyon, France)
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.61 g
Diameter: 18 mm

Designs: Obverse: TI CAESAR DIVI AVG F AVGVSTVS; laureate head of Tiberius right. Reverse: PONTIF MAXIM; Livia as Pax seated right on ornate chair with footstool, holding sceptre and olive branch.

Distinctions: The famous “Tribute Penny” type referenced in the Gospels (Mark 12:17). Attractive and sharply struck example with crisp portrait, well-rendered chair details, and light cabinet tone. About Uncirculated (AU).

Pedigree: Ex Tauler & Fau, Auction 158 – IV Numismatic Convention of Vigo, Lot 2059.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Domitian (AD 81–96)
Date: AD 90–91 (Minerva series)
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.60 g
Diameter: 18 mm

Designs: Obverse: IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P X; laureate head of Domitian right. Reverse: IMP XXI COS XV CENS P P P; Minerva standing left, holding sceptre and thunderbolt, shield at her feet.

Distinctions: Part of Domitian’s famous Minerva reverse series, this variety depicts the goddess standing with thunderbolt and sceptre. Exceptional Mint State example with lustrous surfaces, sharp devices, and iridescent toning.

Pedigree: Ex Lipsia Numismatics, Auction 2, Lot 87.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Marcus Aurelius (AD 161–180)
Date: AD 161
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.32 g
Diameter: 17 mm

Designs: Obverse: IMP M AVREL ANTONINVS AVG; bare head of Marcus Aurelius right. Reverse: PROV DEOR TR P XVI COS III; Providentia standing left, holding globe and cornucopiae.

Distinctions: A very rare variety combining the bare-headed obverse portrait of Marcus Aurelius with this Providentia reverse legend. Struck at the beginning of his reign as Augustus. Virtually as struck, with brilliant Mint State surfaces and sharp details.

Pedigree: Ex Lipsia Numismatics, Auction 2, Lot 148.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Caracalla (AD 198–217)
Date: AD 214
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 2.87 g
Diameter: 19 mm

Designs: Obverse: ANTONINVS PIVS AVG GERM; laureate head of Caracalla right. Reverse: P M TR P XVII COS III P P; Apollo seated left on draped stool, holding olive branch in right hand, resting left elbow on lyre set on tripod.

Distinctions: Scarce variety featuring the TR P XVII legend. The portrait is particularly strong, and the reverse design is finely detailed with Apollo’s attributes clearly shown. Light cabinet toning enhances eye appeal.

Pedigree: Ex Lipsia Numismatics, Auction 2, Lot 170.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Severus Alexander (AD 222–235)
Date: AD 224
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.24 g
Diameter: 19 mm

Designs: Obverse: IMP C M AVR SEV ALEXANDER AVG; laureate, draped bust of Severus Alexander right. Reverse: P M TR P III COS P P; emperor standing left, holding globe in right hand and long sceptre in left.

Distinctions: A superb Mint State example with light golden patina. Strong strike and elegant portrait. Scarce in this preservation (RIC 44; Cohen 256).

Pedigree: Ex Collection Dr. Wischnievski; Ex Schenk-Behrens, Auction 72 (1996), Lot 452; Ex Lipsia Numismatics, Auction 2, Lot 184.

Category: Roman Imperial – Trajan (High Empire, Adoptive Emperors)
Ruler/Issuer: Trajan (AD 98–117)
Date: AD 103–111 (COS V issue)
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.23 g
Diameter: 18 mm

Designs: Obverse: IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P; laureate bust of Trajan right with slight drapery on far shoulder. Reverse: COS V P P S P Q R OPTIMO PRINC / DANVVIVS; the river god Danube reclining left on rocks, head right, holding ship’s prow and resting elbow on overturned urn from which water flows; billowing cloak above.

Distinctions: Scarce “Danube River God” type, particularly well-struck with full DANVVIVS legend visible. Attractive tone, gVF with sharp reverse detail. (RIC 100; Woytek 277b).

Pedigree: Ex Dr. Busso Peus, Auction 338 (1994), Lot 609; Ex Gorny & Mosch, Auction 169 (2008), Lot 281; Ex Numismatica Ars Classica 54 (2010), Lot 1103; Ex Numismatik Naumann, Auction 153 (2025), Lot 610.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Hadrian
Date/Period: AD 134–138
Composition: Silver (AR)
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.45 g
Diameter: 17.52 mm

Designs:
Obverse: HADRIANVS AVG COS II P P; draped bust of Hadrian right, bare-headed.
Reverse: AEGYPTO – S; Egypt personified as a reclining female (Isis) left, resting on a basket of fruit, holding a sistrum; ibis standing before on exergual line.

Distinctions: About Extremely Fine (aEF); rare variant with erroneous COS II legend (instead of COS III) and detached “S” in reverse legend. Strong iconographic composition, sharply struck with well-rendered Egyptian symbols; cabinet tone. (RIC II.3 1486; Cohen 102; BMCRE 800).

Pedigree: Ex Giovanni Maria Staffieri Collection; Ex Astarte, Auction 24, Lot 383.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Titus
Date: AD 80
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: Not specified

Designs: Obverse depicts the laureate head of Titus facing right with the inscription IMP TITVS CAES VESPASIAN AVG P M. Reverse shows a curule chair surmounted by a wreath with the inscription TR P IX IMP XV COS VIII P P.

Distinctions: A desirable issue struck during Titus’s short reign. This example features an impressive portrait, attractive iridescent toning, and is well preserved despite an irregular flan. Extremely Fine (EF).

Pedigree: Numismatic Fine Art, Auction 2, Lot 67.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Marcus Aurelius as Augustus
Date: AD 180
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Diameter: 18.00 mm
Die Axis: 12h

Designs: Obverse depicts laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Marcus Aurelius facing right. Reverse shows Fortuna seated left, holding rudder and cornucopia, with a wheel below seat.

Distinctions: Superb strike from fresh dies with a portrait of fine style. Subtle red deposits enhance the toning and eye appeal. Scarce bust variant (draped and cuirassed), typically encountered without drapery. Superb Extremely Fine (EF).

Pedigree: Ex Numismatic Fine Art, Auction 2 (22 November 2024), Lot 204; Ex CNG Electronic Auction 355 (2015), Lot 547.

Category: Roman Imperial
Ruler/Issuer: Octavianus (later Augustus)
Date: Autumn 30 – Summer 29 BC
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.71 g

Designs: Obverse shows bare head of Octavian right. Reverse depicts the Actian Arch with Octavian standing in a facing quadriga set atop the triumphal arch, decorated with two wreaths and two eagles; on the architrave, legend IMP CAESAR.

Distinctions: A historically important issue celebrating Octavian’s victory at Actium and his consolidation of power on the road to becoming Augustus. The depiction of the triumphal arch symbolizes both military and political triumphs, bridging the Republic’s end and the birth of the Empire. Attractive old cabinet tone. Good Very Fine.

Pedigree: Ex Dr. A. Voirol Collection (purchased Basel, 1942)*; Ex Armin Mathis Collection (purchased privately from Frank Sternberg AG, Zurich, 1984); Ex Auctiones GmbH, eAuction 88 (June 2025), Lot 68.

* accompanied by Dr. Voirol's hand written ticket

Category: Roman Imperial – Domitian (AD 81–96)
Ruler/Issuer: Domitianus, Augustus (AD 81–96)
Date: AD 95
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.14 g
Diameter: 18 mm

Designs: Obverse shows laureate head of Domitian facing right with legend IMP CAES DOMIT AVG GERM P M TR P XIIII. Reverse depicts Minerva advancing right, holding spear and shield, owl at her feet, with legend IMP XXII COS XVII CENS P P P.

Distinctions: A representative example of Domitian’s Minerva series, which was struck extensively throughout his reign. The type reflects the emperor’s personal devotion to Minerva, who frequently appears on his coinage. This specimen is attractively toned with an old cabinet patina, about Extremely Fine (aEF), with strong detail and good centering.

Pedigree: Ex Armin Mathis Collection; acquired privately from Münzhandlung Athena GmbH, Munich, in 1983 (dealer’s ticket enclosed). Ex Auctiones GmbH, eAuction 88, Lot 82.

Category: Roman Imperial – Hadrian (AD 117–138)
Ruler/Issuer: Hadrianus, Augustus (AD 117–138)
Date: Circa AD 130–133
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.11 g
Diameter: 19 mm

Designs: Obverse shows bare head of Hadrian facing right with legend HADRIANVS AVG COS III P P. Reverse depicts the personification of Egypt (AEGYPTOS) reclining left, holding a sistrum in her right hand and resting her left arm on a basket of fruit and grain; an ibis stands to the left at her feet with legend AEGYPTOS.

Distinctions: From Hadrian’s celebrated “Travel Series,” a remarkable group of coin types commemorating the emperor’s extensive journeys across the provinces of the Roman Empire. This Egypt type symbolizes the province’s fertility, culture, and ties to Rome, with the ibis and sistrum referencing Egyptian religion and identity. This specimen is virtually as struck, sharply detailed, and perfectly centered, with only a minor flan flaw on the obverse.

Pedigree: Ex Armin Mathis Collection; ex Gorny & Mosch 180 (2009), Lot 396. Ex Auctiones GmbH, eAuction 88, Lot 99.

Category: Roman Imperial – Galba (AD 68–69)
Ruler/Issuer: Galba, Augustus (AD 68–69)
Date: AD 68
Mint Location: Possibly Narbo (uncertain mint in Gaul)
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.60 g

Designs: Obverse shows laureate head of Galba right with legend SER GALBA IMP CAESAR AVG P M TR P. Reverse depicts Concordia standing left, holding a branch and cornucopiae, with legend CONCORDIA PROVINCIARVM.

Distinctions: An important early issue struck during Galba’s brief reign following Nero’s death in the turbulent Year of the Four Emperors. The reverse type, Concordia Provinciarum, reflects Galba’s effort to legitimize his authority through the unity and loyalty of the provinces, especially significant given his rise to power in Hispania and Gaul. This example is struck on a well-centered flan with high-relief portraiture, exhibiting a lovely old cabinet tone. Almost Extremely Fine. Rare, especially in this state of preservation.

Pedigree: Ex Aureo & Calicó (28 May 2013), Lot 40. Ex Tauler & Fau, Auction 160, Lot 34.

Category: Roman Imperial – Vitellius (AD 69)
Ruler/Issuer: Vitellius, Augustus (AD 69)
Date: Late April – 20 December AD 69
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 2.97 g
Diameter: 19.5 mm

Designs: Obverse shows laureate head of Vitellius right with legend A VITELLIVS GERM IMP AVG TR P. Reverse depicts Libertas standing facing, head right, holding pileus and sceptre, with legend LIBERTAS RESTITVTA.

Distinctions: A rare and historically important type struck during Vitellius’ brief reign in the turbulent Year of the Four Emperors. The reverse, LIBERTAS RESTITVTA, proclaims the restoration of liberty, a common political slogan used to legitimize power during times of crisis. This specimen is well centered and attractively toned, Extremely Fine overall, with only a minor weak strike visible on the reverse.

Pedigree: Ex Artemide Aste, Artemide 71E (5–6 July 2025), Lot 455.

Category: Roman Imperial – Antoninus Pius (AD 138–161)
Ruler/Issuer: Antoninus Pius, Augustus (AD 138–161)
Date: AD 153–154
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 2.98 g
Diameter: 19 mm

Designs: Obverse shows laureate head of Antoninus Pius right with legend ANTONINVS AVG PIVS P P TR P XVI. Reverse depicts Vesta standing facing, head left, holding simpulum and palladium, with legend COS IIII.

Distinctions: Struck during the 16th tribunician year of Antoninus Pius, this denarius emphasizes Rome’s religious traditions through the depiction of Vesta, guardian of the sacred fire. The coin is remarkably well preserved in Mint State, an exceptional condition seldom encountered for this issue, which is more often seen in VF to EF grades.

Pedigree: Ex Numismatik Naumann, Auction 154, Lot 554.

Category: Roman Imperial – Septimius Severus (AD 193–211)
Ruler/Issuer: Septimius Severus, Augustus (AD 193–211)
Date: AD 209
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.40 g
Diameter: 19 mm

Designs: Obverse shows laureate head of Septimius Severus right with legend SEVERVS PIVS AVG. Reverse depicts Jupiter standing left, holding scepter and thunderbolt, with a small child standing on either side; legend P M TR P XVII COS III P P.

Distinctions: Mint State example of a scarcer reverse type. The depiction of Jupiter flanked by children is a symbolic reference to dynastic continuity, reinforcing Severus’ desire to secure succession for his sons Caracalla and Geta. High-grade survivors of this issue are not often encountered, making this coin particularly desirable.

Pedigree: Ex Numismatik Naumann, Auction 154, Lot 603.

Category: Roman Imperial – Julia Domna (Augusta, AD 193–217)
Ruler/Issuer: Julia Domna, Augusta (AD 193–217)
Date: AD 202–210
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.23 g
Diameter: 19 mm

Designs: Obverse shows draped bust of Julia Domna right with legend IVLIA AVGVSTA. Reverse depicts Isis, wearing a peaked headdress, standing right with foot on prow, nursing the infant Horus; altar and rudder to the left; legend SAECVLI FELICITAS.

Distinctions: A beautifully symbolic type celebrating prosperity and divine protection, with Isis nursing Horus reflecting motherhood, fertility, and dynastic continuity. This reverse connects the Severan dynasty with the rich religious traditions of the East, where Isis was widely venerated. Near Mint State, sharply struck and well preserved, this is a scarce and highly desirable example of Julia Domna’s coinage.

Pedigree: Ex Numismatik Naumann, Auction 154, Lot 625.

Category: Roman Imperial – Lucius Verus (AD 161–169)
Ruler/Issuer: Lucius Verus, Augustus (AD 161–169)
Date: AD 167–168
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.29 g
Diameter: 19 mm
Die Axis: 6 h

Designs: Obverse shows laureate head of Lucius Verus right with legend L VERVS AVG ARM PARTH MAX. Reverse depicts Aequitas seated left, holding scales in her right hand and a cornucopia in her left, with legend TR P VIII • IMP V COS III.

Distinctions: A handsome denarius of Lucius Verus, struck during his joint reign with Marcus Aurelius and celebrating stability after the Parthian campaigns. The reverse with Aequitas, personification of fairness and equity, reflects imperial justice and balance. Extremely Fine, well struck, with wonderful cabinet toning that enhances the artistry of the piece. While relatively common as a type, examples of this quality and preservation are especially sought after by collectors.

Pedigree: From the Joseph Markowitz Collection (1897–1981), brought to Israel in 1949 and preserved in the family until sale. Ex Leu Numismatik AG, Web Auction 34, Part II, 6 July 2025, Lot 2462.

Category: Roman Imperial – Domitian as Caesar under Titus (AD 76–77)
Ruler/Issuer: Domitian, Caesar under Titus (AD 69–81 as Caesar, Emperor AD 81–96)
Date: AD 76–77
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.10 g
Diameter: 18 mm

Designs: Obverse shows laureate head of Domitian right with legend CAESAR AVG F DOMITIANVS. Reverse depicts Pegasus standing right with front left leg raised, with legend COS IIII.

Distinctions: A scarce and desirable type from Domitian’s coinage as Caesar under his brother Titus. The Pegasus reverse is an uncommon and appealing design in Domitian’s pre-imperial issues, evoking divine and mythical associations rather than purely military themes. Near Extremely Fine with sharp details and attractive golden and blue iridescence, especially pronounced on the obverse. Such eye-catching natural toning significantly enhances its appeal to collectors.

Pedigree: Ex Lucernae Numismatics, Vigesimo Septima XXVII, Lot 457.

Category: Roman Imperial – Antoninus Pius (AD 138–161)
Ruler/Issuer: Antoninus Pius, Augustus (AD 138–161)
Date: AD 153–154
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.01 g
Diameter: 19 mm

Designs: Obverse shows laureate head of Antoninus Pius right with legend ANTONINVS AVG PIVS P P TR P XVI. Reverse depicts Vesta standing left, holding simpulum in her right hand and palladium in her left, with legend COS IIII.

Distinctions: A well-struck denarius from Antoninus Pius’ 16th tribunician year, celebrating Rome’s religious traditions through the cult of Vesta. About Uncirculated, with sharp detail and fully legible inscriptions. While relatively common as a type, high-grade examples of this quality are increasingly sought after by collectors.

Pedigree: Ex Lucernae Numismatics, Vigesimo Septima XXVII, Lot 486.

Category: Roman Imperial – Nerva (AD 96–98)
Ruler/Issuer: Nerva, Augustus (AD 96–98)
Date: AD 96
Mint Location: Rome
Composition: Silver
Denomination: Denarius
Weight: 3.43 g
Diameter: 19 mm
Die Axis: 7 h

Designs: Obverse shows laureate head of Nerva right with legend IMP NERVA CAES AVG P M TR P COS II P P. Reverse depicts two clasped right hands, with legend CONCORDIA EXERCITVVM.

Distinctions: An important early issue of Nerva, struck in the first year of his reign after Domitian’s assassination in September AD 96. The reverse legend, “Concordia of the Armies,” symbolized Nerva’s fragile effort to secure the loyalty of the legions and stabilize his rule during a delicate transition of power. Good Very Fine with an attractive portrait, toned surfaces, and light porosity. Scarce and historically significant.

Pedigree: Ex Nomos AG Numismatists, Nomos 38, Lot 587.